3^rd World Congress on
Pediatrics and Neonatology

Biography:

Hazem Ahmed Mostafa is an internationally recognized neurosurgeon with over two decades of clinical and research experience. He has devoted his career to developing and providing rigorous, comprehensive and compassionate care to those with cancer, neurological degenerative diseases andpediatric disorders. He’s affectionately known as Dr Brain and Spine. He is a professor in the Department of Neurosurgery at Ain Shams University, Egypt since 2014. He is a Consultant of Neurosurgery at his own private clinics NeuroClinic Cairo and Hurghada - Red Sea, Egypt since 2001. Hazem has dedicated a significant part of his career to developing innovative educational research with over 33 published research papers in the Egyptian Society journal. Hazem is an active member of the Egyptian Society of Neurological Surgeons since 1997. He is an international Faculty at AO Trauma Foundation. He is also an international fellow member of the Institute of Brain Chemistry and Human Nutrition (IBCHNUK).

Abstract:

Introduction: Over the past 30 years there has been a significant reduction in mortality following severe TBI together with improved outcome. This has been largely due to the use of evidence-based protocols emphasizing the correction of parameters implicated in secondary brain injury. The main parameters are cerebral blood flow, cerebral oxygenation and management of co-morbidities. Neuroinflammation is a well-established secondary injury mechanism following TBI. Evolving treatment strategies: Inspired by success in Parkinson’s and other neurodegenerative diseases, stem cell based therapy is believed to provide bio bridges, can stabilize blood-brain barrier, reduce the oxidative stress and provide immunomodulation and neuroprotection. Hyperbaric oxygen may alleviate secondary insult in TBI through the modulation of the inflammatory response. Animal studies showed that hyperbaric oxygen improves neuroplasticity, reduce the inflammatory markers and neuronal apoptosis following TBI. Sources of stem cells: Modulating endogenous stem cells or Cell transplantation (using exogenous stem cells) from fetal /embryonic, bone marrow stromal cells, umbilical cord cells or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). There is plenty of literature showing good response of stem cell therapy, mesenchymal stem cells in particular, on the outcome in rat TBI models. The animal models indicate some vulnerability of the stem cells to the hostile environment of neuroinflammation, which may limit their potential. Conclusion: The results although very encouraging, are still in the laboratory/preclinical phase and lots of technical, ethical and logistic issues have to be solved before shifting to clinical trials. Hyperbaric oxygenation can provide less hostile microenvironment helping with repair and provide better use of stem cell induced growth factors.